Distributed by Underworld Products, Visi-Therm is now manufactured from shock resistant quartz tubing and includes a Visi-Therm heater guard to provide both thermal and mechanical protection.

Voted independently by the readers of Practical Fishkeeping in three reader surveys as the most widely used and the easiest to adjust heaterstat on the market.

Also introducing a new 400w model, there are now 9 different sizes of Visi-Therm available to ensure you can always find the correct size to suit your aquarium.

Each Visitherm is calibrated in water to ensure the sensitivity and efficiency of each heater is fully tested.

Visi-Therm is completely waterproof and totally submersible, eliminating the need for a rubber or plastic cap over the adjustment stem. Ideal for use in both freshwater & the harsh conditions of saltwater aquariums too.

Visi-Therm are still extensively recognised as being the most accurate and the most reliable heater stat available.

Step 1 – Polystyrene insulation

Use a strong cardboard box and insulate it with a tight fitting poly-box or cut polystyrene sheet to fot all six sides (including a lid).

Step 2 – Frag in bag or pot

Watertight pots are good for small frags but bags are better for larger corals and inverts. You want to make sure that you have the correct amount of water in the bag/pot. Too little water will mean that parts of the coral will be exposed during transit. When using a bag, ensure that you mult-bag (3-4 times) to insure the coral stays submerged if the first bag breaks.

For small frags, it is a good idea to use a rubber band and attach the frag to a piece of polystyrene. It will float on the surface with the coral dangling upside-down, which will protect it from being crushed. If it is a large coral, simply place it at the bottom of the bag.

Step 3 – Insulating and cushion the frag

Keep all the bags /pots packed tightly in place to ensure that nothing will move during transit. If you have empty space in your box, fill it with bubble wrap or other packaging materials.

Step 4 – Heat pack on lid

Heat packs are very useful and essential in colder months. Heat packs that get really hot for a few hours and then cool down are no good. Try to find a heat pack that is designed for reliable and steady heat release for at least 24 hours.

Step 5 – Lid on

Step 6 – Taped up

Done!

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It is a really interesting creature, which moves in an abnormal fashion by rotating forward to gain momentum. It is eating well and can compete well for food as it moves much faster then a normal seahorse.

The fish shop believed that the animal was a deformity of a known species but the fish has gained a lot of interest from the scientific community and researchers say that it is a species of its own and has been named Hippocampus aprilfoolio. It is believed to be the first two-headed seahorse known to science.

Read the official news story here.

I also found the Corals for Conservation program website where there is some very interesting information about the project as well as the following video:

This curious arrangement is one of Nature’s most delicate and complex partnerships – a collaboration now facing grave threats from climate change.

The symbiosis between coral – a primitive animal – and zooxanthellae, tiny one-celled plants, is not only powerful enough to build the largest living organism on the planet, the Great Barrier Reef but also underpins the economies and living standards of many tropical nations and societies who harvest their food from the reefs or have developing tourism industries.

The issue of whether the partnership is robust enough to withstand the challenges of climate change is driving a worldwide scientific effort to decipher how corals and their symbiotic algae communicate with one another, says Professor David Yellowlees of the ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies (CoECRS) and James Cook University.

“It’s an incredibly intricate relationship in which the corals feed the algae and try to control their diet, and the algae in turn use sunlight to produce “junk food” – carbohydrates and fats – for the corals to consume.

“Where it all breaks down is when heated water lingers over the reef and the corals expel the algae and then begin to slowly starve to death. This is the bleaching phenomenon Australians are by now so familiar with, and which is such a feature of global warming.”

photo credit: Daniel García Peris

The challenge for scientists is to understand the ‘chemical conversation’ that goes on between the corals and zooxanthellae, the genes which control it – and to explore whether corals which lose their primary partners can survive using other algae or must inevitably die.

“Coral symbiosis takes place mainly in clear, clean nutrient-poor waters where food is so scarce the corals need a partner to help feed them.

“We know for example the corals provide carbon as CO2 which is processed by the algae to reprocess into carbohydrates and fats using energy from sunlight, so they can feed. It’s a beautiful recycling process.

“The corals control the diet of the algae, to ensure it produces what they need. You could say they farm the algae, much as we farm crops.

“And the algae serve as the junk food chefs, providing the corals favourite food to order.”

“Researchers in the Centre of Excellence are trying to understand the chemical and genetic basis for the conversation that goes on between a coral and its particular algae, and to establish whether, if it loses its algae in a bleaching event, it can establish the same relationship with a different strain of algae.

“In other words, how robust this symbiotic system is and whether it can withstand shocks from warming, ocean acidification, changes in sunlight levels and other likely impacts from human activity.

“The bottom line here is the survival of the Great Barrier Reef and coral reefs the world over.”

Five times in the Earth’s history corals have been wiped out, or very close to it, suggesting they are highly vulnerable to changes in ocean conditions, Prof. Yellowlees says. Some of these past events were probably triggered by past global warming and ocean acidification.

Some scientists have speculated whether corals in crisis can be given a helping hand by humans in the form of new symbiotic algae reared for the purpose – but these are very hard to grow outside of their coral hosts, and Prof Yellowlees is doubtful this is a practical solution to major bleaching events affecting thousands of square kilometres of reef.

More likely, he feels, is that cryptic strains of algae which currently play little role in the symbiosis but are present in corals may be able to take over the role of junk food chef and keep the corals going on their preferred diet. To what extent this can happen is not yet known.

Adapted from materials provided by ARC Centre of Excellence in Coral Reef Studies.

For those that missed this on BBC2 this week, it is still available on BBC iPlayer for 4days: The Coral Gardener

photo credit: Recently Hitched Michael

He was moved to Blackpool Sea Life centre along with seven other octopuses. The fact that he was lacking two extremities was not noticed until some time after. His missing legs are believed to be due to a genetic birth defect and does not seem to affect him in any way.

“We’ve scoured the Internet and talked to lots of other aquariums and no-one has ever heard of another case of a six-legged octopus,” said supervisor Carey Duckhouse.

Henry is causing much more of a fuss than the aquarium keepers first thought as The People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) have criticised the centre for not returning the creature to the wild. The letter and response is shown here.

The aquarium are clearly very knowledgable about the animals needs and providing the best possible care for it. I support the aquarium and believe that they are doing an excellent job of keeping their animals healthy and happy.

The author, Tristan Lougher, has been keeping aquariums for more than 25 years. He has worked as a professional aquarist, specializing in marine fish and invertebrates. He has also written for several publications on fish, aquariums, and invertebrates.

What Fish?: A Buyer’s Guide to Marine Fish

Buying fish for your aquarium can be a lottery unless you know exactly what you are doing. You may buy a fish that will disrupt your existing collection or you may be sold two males instead of the breeding pair you were seeking.

This buying guide provides the information and reassurance you need before you even step into a shop. Here, you will find details about a wide range of marine fishes so that you can make the right buying decision with complete confidence. The text delivers the answers to a series of vital questions, from ‘What size?’ to ‘How does it behave?’.

The information given is accurate, concise and relevant. The clear page design makes retrieving answers quick and easy. A crucial part of each entry is a fish profile, a brief “firsthand” summary so that you can judge at a glance if this particular species or variety will suit you and your system.

Clear guidance is given on how to distinguish between males and females, plus many of the colour forms or varieties commonly available in aquarium shops. The result is a unique reference point for would-be buyers the world over.

What Invertebrates?: A Buyer’s Guide for Marine Aquariums

‘What Invertibrates?’ is a new release from Interpet Publishing. It is packed with full-color, close-up photos, extensive and informative picture captions, and enlightening text blocks that provide summary information about each animal. It will give inexperienced buyers the information they need to make a wise purchase.

Buying invertibrates for your tropical marine aquarium can be an uncertain process. This new book puts your mind at rest by providing vital information about a wide range of invertibrates. The advice is accurate, up-to-date and easy to access.

Part 1

Part 2

part 3